Michael deering-



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

1v1; DBERING.

POWER HAMMER. No. 312,826. Patented feb. 24, 1885.

(No Model() 2 Sheets-Sheet f2.

- M. DEERING.

POWER HAMMER.

No. 312,826. f Patented Peb., 24, 1885.

Nrrnn Srarns Farrar' Ormes.

MICHAEL DEERING, OF SYRAOUSE, NEV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CHRISTOPHER C.BRADLEY, OF SAME PLACE.

POWER-I-HAVIMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,826, dated February24, 1885.

Application filed January 29, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL DEERING, of Syracuse. in the county ofOnondaga and State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Power-Hammers, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in helve-hammers, and has forits object to produce a helve-hai'nmer which shall deliver Io thestraight blow of a deadstroke hammer, and which is at the same time sothoroughly cushioned that the blows are quick` and elastic, therebyproducing better work with a smaller expenditure of power thanheretofore,

I5 and at the same time rendering the hammer more durable.

My invention consists to these ends of the improvements in theconstruction of the hammer, which will be hereinafter fully set forth 2oand pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets, Figure l isalongitudinal sectional elevation of my improved hammer. Fig. 2 is afront elevation, and Fig. 3 a top plan view of the same. Fig. 4 is aperspective View, and Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the connecting-rodwhereby the helve is operated. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation at rightangles to Fig. 5. Figs. 7 and 8 are perspective views showing modifiedconstructions of the device whereby the hammer is attached to the helve.Fig. 9 is a cross-section in line a a, Fig. l. Fig. 10 is a sideelevation, and Fig. 11 a vertical crosssection, of one of theclamp-bolts on an enlarged scale.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the main frame of the machine, and a the anvil secured tothe lower part of the frame A.

B is the hammer-head sliding between vertical guides or ways b, formedin or secured to the upper front portion of the frame A above the anvilo.

C represents the helve, and c the standards, which are secured to themain frame A, and between which the helve C is pivoted in a well-knownmanner.

d represents a spring of rubber or other suitable material interposedbetween the up- 5c per end of the hammer-head and the lower side of thefront end of the helve.

d represents a iiexible band or strap of leather or other suitablematerial, which passes through an opening, d2, in the upper portion ofthe hammer-head. r[he ends of the strap d are attached to the helve byclamps d3, provided with screw-bolts d", which pass through the ends ofa cross bar or plate, di), secured to the upper side of the helve.

As represented in Fig. 9, each of the. clamps d3 is composed of twojaws, between which the end of thestrap d/ is clamped by screws d6.

Upon tightening the bolts d* the hammerhead is drawn toward the helve,thereby clamping the spring d firmly between these parts. i

The strap d may be composed of several layers or thicknesses, as shown,if desired. The ends of the band d' may be passed through eyebolts, asrepresented in Figs. 2 and 4: and 7, and secured together by rivets, ifdesired; but I prefer to secure the band by clamps, as the band is morereadily secured in this manner. By this means a strong and at the sametime yielding connection between the hammer-head and the helve iseffected, whereby the jar resulting from the blows is great-ly lessened.The contiguous faces of the spring and hammer-head are curved to permitof a slight rocking movement of the spring under the varying positionsofthe end of the helve. Two straps, d', may be employed to connect thehammer-head to the eyebolts d, as represented in Fig. 7, in which casethe hammerhead is provided with two openings on opposite sides ofthespring d. If desired, two springs, d, may be employed, one above and onebelow the helve, and bothseatedl in an opening, d6, in the hammer-head,as represented in Fig. 8.

E and F are two rearwardlyprojecting arms secured to the rear portion ofthe helve C by bolts or otherwise.

G represents the yoke or open pivoted frame, whereby the helve isoperated, and which is arranged between the arms E and Fl of the helve.The yoke is pivoted concentric with the shank a.

the helve C, between the standards c c, and extends rearwardly from theaXis on which it rocks and between the arms E and F.

e is a spring, of rubber or other suitable material, interposed betweenthe upper arm, E, and the yoke G, andfis a similar spring interposedbetween the lower arm, F, and the yoke, so that the mot-ion of thelatter is transmitted to the helve in either direction by a spring. Thesprings e and f are adjusted by set-screws g, passing through the arms Eand F and attached to cups g', in which the springs are seated. v

H represents the reversing spring or cushion', secured to the frame .Abelow the arm F in such a position that the arm Fwill come in contactwiththe spring H, just before the upward movement or stroke of thehammer is completed and compress the spring, thereby limiting the upwardstroke of the hammer and reversing its movement by the reaction of thespring. The spring H is attached to the frame A by a screw-rod, h, andcup h', so as to be adjustable toward and from the Aarm F.

'i represents the horizontal driving-shaft supported in bearings I,formed on the lower rear portion of the frame A.

J represents the driving-pulley, j the tightener-pulley, and K thebrake-wheel, lc the brakearm, and L the treadle, whereby the brake andtightener are operated, all of any ordinary and well-known construction.

M represents the eccentric mounted on the shaft t', and m theconnecting-rod, whereby the motionl of the eccentric is transmitted tothe yoke G. rlhe latter is provided with a rearwardly-extending arm orshank, a, to which therupper end of the connecting-rod m is attached bya split sleeve, N, which is fitted on the shank n. The connecting-rodmis attached to the sleeve N by pivot-bolts o, between which theupperend ofthe connecting-rod is clamped. The sleeve N is provided with aclampingscrew, p, having a hand-lever, P, by which the sleeve N can betightened or loosened on Upon releasing the sleeve N it can be adjustedon the shank u toward and from the fulcrum of the yoke G, therebyincreasing or reducing the length of the stroke, as may be desired. l

Q, represents the strap which incloses the eccentric M, and which isprovided with two Jaws, Q Q- R represents a split sleeve attached to thelower end of the connecting rod m and projecting with its lower endbetween the jaws q of the eccentric strap Q. The lower end of the sleeveR'is pivoted between the jaws q by screw threaded pivot-bolts r, whichwork in threaded openings in the jaws qand clamp the lower end of thesleeve R between them. The pivots r stand at right angles to the pivotso, whereby the connecting-rod is enabled to adjust itself freely if thepivots should be out of true. The sleeve R is clamped on the lower endof the rod m by a clamping-screw, s, provided with a hand-lever, S. Uponreleasing the sleeve R the rod m can be adjusted in thel cavity of thesleeve, thereby increasing or reducing the length of the connecting-rodand lowering or raising the hammer accordingly.

' It will be seen that in my improved hammer the connecting rod wherebythe yoke is driven from the driving shaft is rendered easily adjustableboth as to length and on the yoke, that the connections between the yokeand the helve and between the helve and the hammer-head are thoroughlycushioned, and that the hammer has a rectilinear movement, and deliversa square blow in the manner of a dead-stroke hammer.

In ordinary dead-stroke hammers, in which the actuating mechanism isconnected with the hammer head or ram by a walking-beam, the blowv isnot only dragging, which prevents the iron from being forged with thedesired rapidity, but the blow is also comparatively hard andnon-elastic, whereby the iron in the supporting frame and in the guides,anvil, and hammer head rapidly changes its molecular condition andbecomes crystallized,which results very soon in a breakage of one ormore of these parts. In myimproved hammer the blow is straight, quick,and elastic, whereby these difficulties are entirely obviated, and alsoa considerable saving in poweris effected and aiiner regulation of theforce of the blow is attained than is possible in either an ordinarydead-stroke or an ordinary helve-hammer` I cla-im as my invention- 1. Ina dead-stroke hammer, the combination, with the hammer, of straightguides between which the hammer moves in arectilinear reciprocatingmovement, a pivoted helve connected with the hammer, a yoke to which theactuating mechanism is connected,andsprings interposed between the yokeand the helve, whereby the movement of the helvein either direction iscushioned, substantiallyas set forth.

2. The combination, with the hammer B, of a helve, G, havingrearwardly-extending arms EF, apivoted yoke, G, arranged between saidarms, and springs e f,arranged, respectively, on the upper and lowersides of the yoke, between the latter and the arms E Fof the helve,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the stationary` frame Aand hammer B, of ahelve, C, having rearwardlyextending arms E F, a pivoted yoke, G,arranged between said arms, and springs e f, arranged, respectively, onthe upper and lower sides of the yoke between the latter and the armsE Fofthe helve, and a reversing-spring, H, secured to the frame,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the hammer, of straight guides between whichthe hammer moves in a rectilinear reciprocating movement, a helveflexibly connected with the hammer and provided withrearwardly-extending arms, a yoke arranged between the arms of IOO thehelve, springs interposed between the yoke and the arms of the helve,and the actuating mechanism connected 4with the yoke, substantially asset forth.

5. The combination, with the hammer and the helve, of a springinterposed between the same, and a flexible band or strap whereby thehammer is attached to the helve, substan tially as set forth.

6. The combination, with a hammer-head, B, provided with an opening, di,ofthe helve C, spring d, strap d', clamp-bolts cl3, and plate d,substantially as set forth.

7. rlhe combination, with the hammer and helve, of a yoke provided witha rearwardlyextending shank or rod, anda connecting-rod attachedadjustably to said shank or rod, sub` stautially as set forth.

8. The combination, with the yoke G, having a shank, n, of theconnecting-rod m and divided sleeve N, attached adjustably to the lshankn, substantially as set fort-h.

with the eccentric M and rod on, of the divided sleeve R, attached tothe eccentric, and a clamp by which the end of the rod m is adjustabl ysecured, substantially as set forth.

ll. In a power-hammer, the combination, with the eccentric M and rod m,of the divided sleeve R, pivoted to the strap of the eccentric,substantially as set forth.

12. The combination, with the yoke `Gr and eccentric M, of the rod m,sleeve R, pivoted to the strap of the eccentric, and the sleeve N,pivoted to the upper end of the rod m by a pivot standing at rightangles to the pivot at the lower end ofthe slceveB, substantially as setforth.

13. In a power-hammer, the combination, with the eccentric M, ofthestrap Q, provided with jaws q q, pivot-bolts r, secured iu said jaws,and a connecting-rod clamped by said pivots between said jaws,substantially as set forth.

Witness my hand this 2d day of January, 1884.

MICHAEL DEERING.

Witnesses:

ORLANDO C. VVooD, HERMAN J. BiEnnART.

